Advantages And Working Principle Of CNC Router

What is a CNC Machine?

CNC (computer numerical control) machines, also known as CNC routers, are used for cutting wood and other hard materials, such as plastics, into a certain shape. As the name suggests, they are controlled by computers and usually mount a handheld router as a spindle.

CNC routers are computer-controlled machines used for cutting a wide variety of materials. The path of the machine is directed by computer numerical control to give you the precision and accuracy you need from every cut. Whether you have an industrial application, a home or starter business, or even a hobby that requires specific cuts, CNC routers are the perfect solution to give you the best possible finished product.

Features of cnc router machine:

1.Whole machine is welded with seamless steel lathe bed,the stability is excellent,not easy to deformed,to ensure the high precision.

2.Imported Taiwan 20/25mm linear guide rail,ball screw,self lubricating slide block,making each direction force equal,to ensure that the mechanical precision and strength.

3.good compatibility, software, can compatible type3 / Artcam/ Jd paint/ Aspire Vectric, etc

4.with a high drive stepper motor or servo motor, with strong cutting spindle can make the sculpture speed more improved.

5.Use of the break point memory guaranteed in the accident (blackout) or the next day, to continue processing. 

6.With DSP controller or Mach 3 controller which read USB flash.convenient and easy operation、

Cutting and engraving of wood and MDF with a CNC Router:  All types of wood and its derivatives such as MDF and plywood can be cut and engraved efficiently by a CNC router machine, in fact, it is one of the most popular uses for computerized milling machines. They are used for diverse industries such as:

Manufacture of wooden furniture, plywood, and MDF

Manufacture of signs and announcements made of plywood and MDF

Manufacture of molds for thermoforming of plywood and MDF

Manufacture of molds for wooden plywood and MDF moldings

Manufacture of industrial pieces of plywood and MDF

Manufacture of diverse articles in general of wood, plywood, and MDF

How does a CNC machine work?

CNC machine runs on a series of pre-programmed commands. The most common programming language is called G-code, though other languages like Heidenhain and Mazak exist for CNC.  From Start to finish. It’s a 3 step process. 

Step 1: User designs a vector file for those who don’t have a G-Code. A vector is a DXF file extension that has details like x,y,z axis and it dictates how the image will be rendered. 

-> CAD is the software that allows a user to make their own design and vector. 

Step 2: Convert that vector into G-code, 

-> CAM software is the software that allows vector get converted into G-code

Step 3: A CNC Control software which will then run that G-code and turn into a machine to move around. 

Benefits of CNC Routers

Multi-Purpose

A major benefit of the router is being able to cut and engrave without the need for an alternate tool. The repeatability of shaping material enables you to cut materials precisely and as many times times as needed. Thus, frequency of error and wastage are reduced.

Efficiency

These machines can be used with just one operator which cuts labour costs. Furthermore, the general operating speed is up to 25,000 RPM, and the toolhead can move quickly along the X and Y axis. This means materials are processed at an exceptionally high rate. These factors make the machine extremely cost-effective after the initial investment. The cutting tool is usually made of Carbon Steel, High-Speed Steel (HSS) or Solid Carbide. This ensures that very dense materials can be machined. Adjustable tool-height allows thick materials to be cut without requiring higher power, unlike a laser cutting machine which is limited by the useful length of the focused laser prior to it diverging and weakening.

Easy to Use

CNC routers generally receive their toolpath instructions from a piece of intermediate software like Vectric Cut2Dpro. Yet, programmers can continue to use their drawing package of choice. Programming and operating the machine is relatively simple providing training has been undertaken.

Safe to Use

Although CNC Routers create significantly fewer fumes than many other means of shaping, such as laser engraving, they can create large amounts of chippings and dust during the cutting process. However, CNC machines are usually fitted with a dust extraction system comprising of an extractor fan and filter. This minimises the amount of dust leaving the bed to the surrounding environment.

Some machines can be fitted with vacuum beds that suck non-porous material down onto the bed, usually without the need for additional mechanical workholding. However, it is important to note that as the materials cut away, the holding-down force of the vacuum weakens. Some CNC routers have zone valves in order to concentrate the vacuum on the most appropriate section of the bed.

Routers are very safe to use providing training is undertaken and appropriate PPE is worn. Additional features such as protective enclosures can also be added as a further safety measure. This housing provides maximum operator safety, whilst enabling viewing from all sides – ideal for schools, colleges and other educational facilities.