Publish Time: 2022-01-18 Origin: Site
Laser welding machines and laser welding technology is becoming very popular with the advent of the latest laser generation technologies. In short, laser welding is the process of joining metallic bodies or thermoplastics using a laser beam.
However, unlike the other conventional welding processes, laser welding can complete the job in much lesser time.
It can be seen that the laser of the fiber laser welding machine is a key factor to ensure good welding quality.
In addition to fiber lasers, there are many other factors that affect the quality of laser welding, such as: shielding gas type, gas flow rate, motion control mode and accuracy, etc.
Among them, there are many factors that affect the welding quality of the laser, such as laser power, welding speed, defocus, etc., but in many cases we tend to ignore the factor of beam mode.
As the types of welding materials become more and more abundant, customers have higher and higher requirements for welding quality. Laser welding technology is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy density laser beam as a heat source. Now the fiber laser welding machine has been widely used in various industries.
1.The energy density is high, the heat input is low, the amount of thermal deformation is small, and the melting zone and the heat-affected zone are narrow and deep.
2.High cooling rate, which can weld fine weld structure and good joint performance.
3.Compared with contact welding, laser welding eliminates the need for electrodes, reducing daily maintenance costs and greatly increasing work efficiency.
4.The weld seam is thin, the penetration depth is large, the taper is small, the precision is high, the appearance is smooth, flat and beautiful.
5.No consumables, small size, flexible processing, low operating and maintenance costs.
6.The laser is transmitted through fiber optics and can be used in conjunction with a pipeline or robot.
Advantages of Handheld laser welding machine :
Welding of complicated joint geometry.
Precise working with the exact placing of the energy spot done in laser beam welding.
Low heat application, therefor minor changes in microstructure.
Low thermal distortion.
Cavity free welds.
Low post-weld operation time.
Large working distance is also possible.
Heat input is close to the in a minimum required to fuse the weld metal, thus heat-affected zones are reduced and workpiece distortions are minimized.
Time for welding thick sections is reduced and the need for filler wires and elaborate joint preparations is eliminated by employing the single-pass laser welding procedures.
No electrodes are required.
LBM being a non-contact process so distortions are minimized and tool wears are eliminated.
Welding in areas that are not easily accessible with other means of welding can be done by LBM.
The joining of small spaced components with tiny welds very easily because of a laser beam can focus on a small area.
Wide variety of materials including various combinations can be welded very easily.
Thin welds on small diameter wires are less susceptible to burn back than is the case with arc welding.
Metals with dissimilar physical properties, such as electric resistance can also be welded by LBW.
No vacuum or X-Ray shielding is required.
Welds magnetic materials also.
Aspect ratios mean depth-to-width ratio of the order of 10:1 are attainable in LBM.
Faster welding rate.
No flux or filler metal required.
Single-pass two-sided welding.
Shorter cycle and higher up times.
Technological parameters of laser welding:
(1) power density. Power density is one of the most critical parameters in laser processing. With higher power density, the surface layer can be heated to boiling point in microsecond time, and a large amount of vaporization is produced. Therefore, high power density is beneficial to material removal processing, such as punching, cutting and engraving. For lower power density, it takes several milliseconds for the surface layer temperature to reach the boiling point, and before the surface layer vaporizes, the bottom layer reaches the melting point, which is easy to form good fusion welding. Therefore, in conducting laser welding, the power density ranges from 10 4 to 10 6 W/cm 2.
(2) Laser pulse waveform. Laser pulse waveform is an important problem in laser welding, especially for sheet welding. When the high-intensity laser beam strikes the material surface, 60~98% of the laser energy will be reflected and lost on the metal surface, and the reflectivity will change with the surface temperature. During a laser pulse, the reflectivity of metal changes greatly.
(3) Laser pulse width. Pulse width is one of the important parameters of pulsed laser welding. It is not only an important parameter which is different from material removal and material melting, but also a key parameter which determines the cost and volume of processing equipment.